Multi-Tenant Structure on EKS

Setting up a separate EKS cluster for each customer or project can be costly and difficult to manage. Instead, sharing a single large cluster among multiple tenants (Multi-Tenancy) is more efficient.

However, Kubernetes does not offer "safe neighborhood" by default. You must create the following layers to ensure isolation:

1. Namespace Isolation

Create a separate Namespace for each tenant. This provides logical separation of resources.

2. Network Isolation (Network Policies)

Use Network Policy to prevent Tenant A's pods from accessing Tenant B's database. Apply the rule "Deny egress outside Namespace by default".

3. Resource Quotas

Define ResourceQuota and LimitRange for each Namespace to prevent one tenant from consuming all CPU/RAM and starving others (Noisy Neighbor).

4. RBAC and Access

Assign a Role and RoleBinding to each tenant so they can only manage their own namespace. Do not grant cluster-wide (ClusterRole) permissions.

5. Node Isolation (Optional)

If very strict isolation is required, you can ensure Tenant A's pods run only on nodes dedicated to Tenant A using Node Selector or Taint/Toleration (Hard Multi-tenancy).